ABO blood group system

ABO blood group system
Probably the best known of the blood group systems, involves a single gene locus that codes for a fucosyl transferase. If the H-gene is expressed then fucose is added to the terminal galactose of the precursor oligosaccharide on the red cell surface and the A- or B-gene products, also glycosyl-transferases, can then add N-acetyl galactosamine or galactose to produce the A or B-antigens respectively. Antibodies to the ABO antigens occur naturally and make this an important set of antigens for blood transfusion. Transfusion of mismatched blood with surface red cell antigens that elicit a response leads to a transfusion reaction. The natural antibodies are usually IgM. See Rhesus, Kell, Duffy and MN.

Dictionary of molecular biology. 2004.

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  • ABO blood group system — ABO redirects here. For other uses, see ABO (disambiguation). H substance redirects here. For use in inflammation, see histamine. ABO blood group antigens present on red blood cells and IgM antibodies present in the serum The ABO blood group… …   Wikipedia

  • ABO blood group system — noun a classification system for the antigens of human blood; used in blood transfusion therapy; four groups are A and B and AB and O • Syn: ↑ABO system, ↑ABO group • Hypernyms: ↑classification system * * * ABO blood group system /ā bē ōˈ blud… …   Useful english dictionary

  • ABO blood group system — ▪ biology  method of classifying human blood on the basis of the inherited properties of red blood cells (erythrocyte) (erythrocytes (erythrocyte)) as determined by their possession or lack of the antigens (antigen) A and B, which are carried on… …   Universalium

  • ABO blood-group system — Classification of human blood according to whether red blood cells (erythrocytes) have or lack the inherited antigens called A (including A1 and A2) and B on their surface. Blood can be type O (lacking both), type A (having only A), type B… …   Universalium

  • Lewis blood group system — ▪ physiology       classification of human blood based on the expression of glycoproteins called Lewis (Le) antigens (antigen) on the surfaces of red blood cells (erythrocyte) or in body fluids, or both. The Lewis antigen system is intimately… …   Universalium

  • Kell blood group system — ▪ physiology       classification of human blood based on the presence on the surfaces of red blood cells (erythrocyte) of various antigens (antigen) encoded by the KEL gene. The system, discovered in 1946, is characterized by a high degree of… …   Universalium

  • ABO blood group — See Blood Groups appendix. * * * ABO blood group .ā (.)bē ō n one of the four blood groups A, B, AB, or O comprising the ABO system * * * the major human blood group system, dependent on the presence or absence of A and B antigens, which are… …   Medical dictionary

  • Rh blood group system — Rh redirects here. For Siddharta, see Rh (album). For the band, see The RH Factor. The Rh (Rhesus) blood group system (including the Rh factor) is one of the currently 30 human blood group systems. It is clinically the most important blood group… …   Wikipedia

  • Rhesus blood group system — The term Rhesus (Rh) blood group system refers to the 5 main Rhesus antigens (C, c, D, E and e) as well as the many other less frequent Rhesus antigens. The terms Rhesus factor and Rh factor are equivalent and refer to the Rh D antigen… …   Wikipedia

  • blood group — Med. any of various classes into which human blood can be divided according to immunological compatibility, based on the presence or absence of specific antigens on red blood cells. Also called blood type. Cf. ABO system, Rh factor. [1915 20] * * …   Universalium

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